LAB-02:
Universal Gates
Objectives:
1.
To
understand the concept of Universal Gates (NAND & NOR)
2.
To
learn using universal gates how to implement the basic logic gates
3.
To
learn using universal gates implementation of Boolean function
4.
To
understand gate level minimization
Apparatus:
Ø IC
7400 Quadruple 2-input NAND gates
Ø IC
7400 Quadruple 2-input NAND gates
Ø Logisim
Theory:
Universal Gates: The NAND (NOT AND)
and NOR (NOT OR) gates are universal gates.
A universal gate is a gate which can implement any
Boolean function without need to use any other gate type. That means we can
build every possible logic function with NAND gates or NOR gates.
Circuit Diagram:
Figure F1: Implementation of XOR and XNOR using NAND gates
 |
Figure F2: implementation of NOT,
AND, OR, XOR and XNOR using NOR gates
 |
Data Table:
Table 01: Truth table of the given circuit using universal
gates
|
A |
B |
C |
I1 = AC |
I2 = BC’ |
F = I1 + I2 |
|
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
|
0 |
0 |
1 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
|
0 |
1 |
0 |
0 |
1 |
1 |
|
0 |
1 |
1 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
|
1 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
|
1 |
0 |
1 |
1 |
0 |
1 |
|
1 |
1 |
0 |
0 |
1 |
1 |
|
1 |
1 |
1 |
1 |
0 |
1 |
Question and Answer:
Answer to Question No. 01:
IC diagram from the circuit in Figure F3 –Step 2 in Lab
Manual
 |
Answer to Question No. 02:
Simulation of the circuit in Figure F3 – Step 2 from Lab
Manual
 |
Experiment-03:
Truth table for the given Boolean
function F = A’C + AB’ + BC.
|
A |
B |
C |
I1 = A’C |
I2 = AB’ |
I3 = BC |
F = I1 + I2
+ I3 |
|
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
|
0 |
0 |
1 |
1 |
0 |
0 |
1 |
|
0 |
1 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
|
0 |
1 |
1 |
1 |
0 |
1 |
1 |
|
1 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
1 |
0 |
1 |
|
1 |
0 |
1 |
0 |
1 |
0 |
1 |
|
1 |
1 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
|
1 |
1 |
1 |
0 |
0 |
1 |
1 |
Experiment-03:
Attach Screenshot of the IC circuit of
the Boolean function F = A’C + AB’ + BC
 |
IC diagram of the (Circuit)
Discussion: First, we build an IC circuit of the Boolean function F =
A'C + AB' + BC using 7404, 7408, and 7432 IC for our previous lab (Lab 01).
Then, we started working on Lab 02. The experiment name
was universal gates. We discussed the concept of universal gates and build the
basic logic gates using the universal gates (NAND & NOR) in Logisim. We did
some gate-level minimization to make those gates. At last, we finished our lab
by building the same combinational circuit from figure D2 using the NAND gate.
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